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requires ⋱ build expertise
- ◊ deliberate practice
- ...and maybe spaced repetition
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~ masterworks are usually written after 10 years of composer career
- ~ skills is when luck becomes habitual
Some features of high proficiency The expert is highly regarded by peers. The expert’s judgments are accurate and reliable. The expert’s performance shows consummate skill (i.e., more effective and/or qualitatively different strategies) and economy of effort (i.e., more efficient). For simple, routine activities, experts display signs of “automaticity” where the expert seems to be carrying out a task without significant cognitive load and conscious processing is reserved for strategic control and/or more complex activities. The expert possesses knowledge that is fine-grained, detailed and highly organized. The expert knows that his knowledge is constantly changing and continually contingent. The expert forms rich mental models of cases or situations to support sensemaking and anticipatory thinking. The expert is able to create new procedures and conceptual distinctions. The expert is able to cope with rare and tough cases. The expert is able to effectively manage resources under conditions of high stakes, high risk and high stress. Typically, experts have special knowledge or abilities derived from extensive experience with subdomains. The expert has refined pattern perception skills and can apprehend meaningful relationships that non-experts cannot. Experts are able to recognize aspects of a problem that make it novel or unusual, and will bring special strategies to bear to solve “tough cases.”